Self Evaluation Essay Example for Free

Self Evaluation Essay I was quite confident about my writing style and had the impression that I am competent enough. But when more than one of my projects got remarks like ‘improve your writing skill’ and ‘work hard on your writing style’, I was shocked and was unable to look for my faults. I had to discuss with one of my teachers who explained that I was using parallelism in my writing style, which was quite boring and repetitive. Then I noticed that I was using some of the words quite a lot of time and they were even repeated quite a lot of times in one single sentence. When I read my story I found that lots of characters were created which either confused the reader or left them bewildered. I had to really work hard so that I make my essays or stories interesting for the reader. While analyzing my early essays I found that most of the time I got diverted from the main stream of discussion and wasted my pages on not so important issues. I now understand it was because I need to draw on outline of my essay before finally writing it. I should deal the objectives and organize them according to the preferences required hile writing it. Repetitive use of words or phrases spoils the charm of writing and fails to make story interesting. Even if the plot is good and organized, it needs to be appealing so that the reader finds it out of the ordinary. I had the idea that repetitive use of words and phrases add weight to your work but it is not in essays or stories. It gives the impression that the writer is using same words just because he is lacking original ideas for the story. This gives a bad impression and cuts your marks eventually. I was always against plagiarism and had the idea that it is just copying word by word of some other writer’s work. But even if you use some facts by changing few words with their synonyms is also categorized under plagiarism. It was quite difficult to understand this issue but I will have to work on it so that my essays are not remarked as ‘plagiarized’. I use sources from Internet or some times related books to research on any matter. I have written different essays on numerous subjects and all I was able to find on Internet. I researched and then collected the matter, read and organized them and wrote iving my opinion on the issue. I have been getting experienced in different types of essays dealing personal as well as public issues. I worked on various writing styles like MLA format, APA format, Chicago style and many more. Initially these were quite new for me but as I worked cautiously and followed the instructions it has become quite easy for me now. To mesmerize the reader it is important to maintain the charm of your topic and suspense of the story till its end. For a good writer it is important that the reader has lots of quarries hile reading the story so that he is not in a position to leave reading it until he ends it. It is an ongoing process and one needs to improve a lot to become a good writer. Lots of practice and a good guidance will help you improve your writing skills. When I was first pointed out with my mistakes I thought I would never be able to improve these things as they come in flow of my natural way of writing. But I was wrong because during the course I was not only able to get rid of my drawbacks but also improved and made my writing style interesting from the point of view of readers. Now this is the most important thing for a writer and he/she can get rewards only when his work gets appreciated by his/her readers. There are lots of things to be taken in to consideration when you research on writing skills and you will feel that you need to learn quite a lot of stuff on the art of writing. It is actually a vast area and there are things that are required to learn and some areas get developed with your experience too. I found that the areas, which used to involve me for hours while writing an essay is now engaging me for remarkably less time. These all happened because of correct learning procedure and practice also. As far as parallelism is considered it is not completely useless but you will find it very useful while writing employment documents. Here you need to put stress on some person or his qualities and it is effective only when you repeat words and phrases. So avoiding parallel style of writing entirely is not right. There are times when you need to echo some facts and there you will need this style along with balance and rhythm so that you are able to convey your actual meaning and intention.

Reality, the Mind, and God Essay -- Philosophy Religion Essays

Reality, the Mind, and God The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in Great Britain are marked by a general and persistent concern about threats to orthodoxy in religion. Many doctrines and views were seen as threatening: theories about the origin and nature of human knowledge, metaphysical claims about the nature of the world, claims about human nature, about the person and action. (Yolton 3) According to the major viewpoints held in metaphysics, one of the four major categories in the study of philosophy, there are three major ways to regard the constitution of reality. Materialism is "[†¦] the view that all that exists is material or is completely dependent on matter [†¦]" (Gould 421) in order to be perceived and to exist. This is one of the two major, extreme views that exist concerning the substance of reality. The other extreme view, idealism, is the belief that reality consists of mental perception and ideas, that "[†¦] what exists is either an idea or a perceiver of that idea" (Gould 437). According to this view, matter contains no material substance. All matter is comprised of a collection of ideas and the one who is accepting and interpreting those ideas. Beyond these two extreme viewpoints is one of the most popular beliefs concerning reality, especially in Western culture. The belief of dualism denotes that reality is a uniform combination of both material and non-material substance. This view states that reality is made of objects that contain material substance to them. But this perspective of reality holds that there is also a component to reality that depends upon the perceiver, what mental impression he obtains from the material substance, and how he can manipulate th... ...ry expression" (Thayer xv). And Newton’s influence on literary expression as well as philosophical reasoning can be easily seen when viewing the works of such famous writers as John Locke or Isaac Watts. Works Cited Bennett, Jonathan. Locke, Berkeley and Hume: Central Themes. Oxford: Clarendon, 1971. Damrosch, David, et al., eds. The Longman Anthology: British Literature. Vol. 1. New York: Longman, 1999. Gould, James A. ed. Classic Philosophical Questions. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice, 1995. Randall, John Herman Jr. Introduction. Thayer. ix-xvi. Thayer, H. S. ed. Newton’s Philosophy of Nature: Selections from His Writings. New York: Hafner, 1953. Watts, Isaac. "Man Frail, and God Eternal." Damrosch, et al. 2638. Yolton, John W. Thinking Matter: Materialism in Eighteenth-Century Britain. Minnesota: U of Minnesota P, 1983.

General Banking Perspectives: Dhaka Bank Ltd

1. Introduction Commercial Bank implies that banks devote most of their resources to meeting the financial needs of business firms. This institution offers the public both deposit and credit services as well as a growing list of newer and more innovating services, such as investment advice, security underwriting, and financial planning. In recent years financial institutions have diversified themselves to satisfy consumers and units of government around the world.The result is the emergence of a financial institution that has been called a financial department store because it satisfies the broadest range of financial services needs in the global economy. The importance to commercial banks may be measured in a number of ways. Banks are still the principal means of making payments, through the checking accounts, credit cards, and electronic funds transfer services they offer. Banks are important because of their ability to create money from excess reserves made available from the publ ic's deposits.The banking system can take a given volume of excess cash reserves and, by making loans and investment, generate a multiple amount of credit. Bangladesh is developing country. After liberalization, we achieve a poor economic growth in last three decades. This is because of number of micro and macro factors as density of people. Bangladesh is a place where we see lack of proper education and poor political stability. Political instability is the major factor in Bangladesh that makes a vital hazard to achieve the economic growth.All of above, banking industry brings a little bit hope that can be a better flavor to accelerate the economic growth in our country. This is the only sector (especially private banking) that getting a continuous develops from last two decades. One of the aims of this study involves the focus on ‘The General Banking Practice of Dhaka Bank Ltd, Halishahar Branch’. Another aim of this paper is to point out how management of the bank ca n perform better and provide better service to the clients. 2. Methodology Different data and information are required to meet the goal of this report.Those data and information were collected from various sources, such as, primary and secondary which is showed below: Primary data were collected from: ? Face to face conversations with the employees at various fields. ? Personal interviewing and interacting customers. ? Observing various organizational procedures. ? Customer’s response from questions. Secondary data were collected from: ? Internet and Annual report of Dhaka Bank Limited. ? Progress report/ Statement affairs and Bank Rate sheet of the Bank. ? Several kinds of Academic test-book and training sheet. Different publications regarding banking functions and foreign-exchange operation. ? Prior research report on this Bank. 3. Scope The scope of the research covers the General Banking practices of Dhaka Bank Limited. The report focuses on the general banking practices in general, how it is implemented in Dhaka Bank Limited. 4. Limitation of the study The present study was not out of limitations. From the beginning to end, the study has been completed sincerely and carefully. But some problem arises from conducting the study.During the study it was not possible to visit the whole area covered by the banks although the financial statements and other information regarding the study have been covered. Some limitation are given stated below- 1. The main constraint of the study is insufficiency of information, which was required for the study. There are various information that the bank employee can't provide due to security and other corporate obligations. 2. Due to time limitations many of the aspects could not be discussed in the present report. 3.Every organization has their own secrecy that is not revealed to others. While collecting data through interviewing the employees, they did not disclose much information for the sake of the confidentiality of the organization. 5. Background of Dhaka Bank: Dhaka Bank Limited is one of the premier and top ranked private banks in Bangladesh. The bank was established in the year 1995 as some veteran and well established businessmen grouped together and worked sincerely to establish this bank. The bank was incorporated as a public limited company under the companies act 1994.The founder of the bank was Mr. Mirza Abbas Uddin Ahmed who was also the former advisor of the bank. The Head Office of the bank is located at Biman Bhaban 1st floor, 100 Motijheel C/A, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. The bank started its very first journey on July 5th 1995 with an authorized capital of Tk. 1000 million and a paid up capital of Tk. 100 million. Since the inception of the bank the bank made phenomenal growth in terms of operation, business and goodwill. As of March 31st 2010 the bank’s paid up capital stood at Tk. ,659,597,800 and the total equity (capital and reserves) stood up at Tk. 6,036,368,754. Th e bank currently has 62 fully operational branches all over the country, 3 SME Service Centers, 6 CMS Units, 2 Offshore Units, and one CPZ (central processing office) which is situated in BGMEA building Karwan Bazar , Dhaka Bangladesh As an integral part of their commitment to Excellence in Banking, Dhaka Bank now offers the full range of real-time online banking service through its all branches, ATMs and Internet Banking Channels.Dhaka Bank Ltd is the preferred choice in banking for friendly and personalized services, cutting edge technology, tailored solutions for business need, global reach in trade and commerce and high yield on investments. 5. 1. The Mission of Dhaka Bank Limited- To be the premier financial institution in the country providing high quality products and services backed by latest technology and a highly motivated team of personnel to deliver Excellence In Banking. 5. 2. The Vision of Dhaka Bank Limited- At Dhaka Bank, we draw our inspiration from the distant sta rs.Our team is committed to assure a standard that makes every banking transaction a pleasurable experience. Our endeavour is to offer you razor sharp sparkle through accuracy , reliability , timely delivery , cutting edge technology and tailored solution for business needs, global reach in trade and commerce and high yield on your investment . 5. 3 The Goal of Dhaka Bank Limited- Our people, products and processes are aligned to meet the demand of our discerning customers. Our goal is to achieve a distinction like the luminaries in the sky.Our Dhaka Objective is to deliver a quality that demonstrates a true reflection of our vision – Excellence in Banking. 6 General Banking General banking creates a vital link between customers and bank. It’s really a classic as crucial department for the bank. It is the introductory department of the bank to its customers. The Dhaka Bank Ltd, Halishahar branch has all the required sections of general banking. Every day it receives de posits from customers and meets their demands for cash by honoring instruments. General banking department is that department which is mostly exposed to the maximum number of bank customer. . 1 Different Departments of General Banking It has five major parts in the branch to perform. The sections are: i. Account opening section ii. Cheque clearing iii. Cash iv. Remittance v. Accounts section 6. 2 Different Types of Customers/ Account Holder: Any one can open an account in Dhaka Bank Ltd. if he is capable of entering a valid contract and a banker is satisfied his confide and willing to inter into the necessary business relation with him. So any one of the following types of customers can open account:- i. Individual ( personal ) ii. Joint iii. Proprietorship ( sole traders / registered or unregistered ) v. Joint stock companies ( private/ public ltd. companies) 6. 3 Account Opening and Dispatch Department: Account opening is the gateway to the bank. The relationship between a banker and its customer begins with the opening of an account by the customer. For this, account opening is considered the most important function of a commercial bank. All banks generally maintain a separate department to open accounts. The function of accounts opening department can be classified into the following three categories: 1. Supplying various accounts related information to the customers. 2. Opening of account and . Issuing cheque books and ATM Card. Supplying various accounts related information to the customers: When a customer comes to open an account with a bank, s/he needs to be informed about various information relating to account opening. Account opening department enthusiastically provides necessary information to the customer. Following information is supplied to the customer depending on their requirements: †¢ Type of accounts maintained by the bank †¢ Requirements/Necessary formalities for opening each type of accounts †¢ Eligibility to open an accou nt etc. Types of accounts maintained by DBLAccounts based on operations as under: †¢ Current Account (CD A/C) †¢ Short Term Deposit Account (STD A/C) †¢ Savings Bank Account (SB A/C) †¢ Fixed Deposit Receipt Account (FDR A/C) Accounts based on Nature of Customers as under: †¢ Single/Individual Account †¢ Joint individual Account †¢ Sole Trader/ Proprietorship Account †¢ Partnership Account †¢ Company Account etc. Savings accounts are opened for single/individual and joint individual customer. Business organizations/enterprises are not allowed to open savings account. 6. 4 Requirements/Necessary formalities for opening each type of accounts: ? Single/Individual Savings Bank Accounts: Introduction of customer (Must be either by an account holder (SB/CD A/C) or an employee of the bank. †¢ Photographs-Two copies (attested by the Introducer) †¢ Photocopy of valid passport/Citizenship Certificate from Chairman or Ward commissioner/Cer tificate from the employee of the bank. Add: †¢ Transaction Profile †¢ Signature on Money laundering Circular ? Joint Individual Account: No additional requirements/formalities other than the Single/Individual Savings Bank Accounts. ? Single Individual/Joint Individual CD A/C Requirements/Formalities as like as SB A/C, except here introducer must be a CD A/C holder of the bank. Proprietorship CD A/C †¢ Introduction of the customer (Must be by a CD A/C account holder or an employee of the bank. †¢ Photographs- (Two Copies) of the proprietor. †¢ Valid Trade License. †¢ Company Seal. †¢ Photocopy of valid passport of the proprietor/Citizenship/ Certificate from Chairman or Ward commissioner/Certificate from the employee of the bank. Add: †¢ Transaction Profile †¢ Signature on Money laundering Circular †¢ Signature on KYC form ? Partnership CD A/C †¢ Introduction of the partners (Must be by a CD A/C account holder or an employee of the bank. Photographs- (Two Copies) of every partner. †¢ Valid Trade License. †¢ Seal. †¢ Date of incorporation. †¢ Photocopy of valid passport of the proprietor/Citizenship Certificate or Identity Certificate from Chairman or Ward commissioner/Certificate from the employee of the bank. †¢ Partnership Letter. Add: †¢ Transaction Profile †¢ Each partner’s Signature on Money laundering Circular †¢ Each partner’s Signature on KYC form ? Limited Company A/C †¢ Introduction (Must be by a CD A/C account holder or an employee of the bank †¢ Photographs- (Two Copies) †¢ Valid Trade License Company Seal †¢ Resolution of the Company on company’s letterhead †¢ Certified and attested copy (attested by MD or Chairman) of Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association †¢ Certified and attested copy of Certificate of incorporation †¢ List of Directors †¢ Photocopy of valid passport/Citizensh ip Certificate or Identity Certificate from Chairman or Ward commissioner/Certificate from the employee of the bank. Add: †¢ Annexure E: Identification of Directors and Authorized Signatories †¢ Annexure D: Director’s Signature on KYC form †¢ Transaction Profile 6. Eligibility to open an account: Anyone capable of entering into a valid contract can open an account with the bank. A minor can also open an account under guardianship or alone if s/he is at least 12 years old. But a minor is not allowed to open a current account. Lunatic, Insolvent person/Drunker/Liquidator/Any other individual or organization by law cannot open an account with bank. 6. 6 Accounts Opening of Customers with the Bank Opening of an account involves certain formalities, which varies according to different types of accounts as well as various categories of customers.The bank supplies following printed forms during opening an account of a customer: o Account opening Form o Specimen Signat ure Card o Deposit Slip o Cheque Book Requisition Slip o KYC Profile Form o Transaction Profile Form Customers are requested to read all the instructions carefully and then fill up the forms properly. Account opening officer must have to check all the forms or documents i. e. whether the customer duly signs them where necessary as well as introducer must introduce the customer by putting signature in the space provided on the account opening form.After completion of all the formalities by the customer, Dhaka bank officials have to perform the following functions chronologically: |Scrutinizing account opening form and Specimen signature card | |Getting the approval of accounts by authorized officer | |Putting account number on the form | |Putting entry in the account opening register | |Posting all the account information in the computer | Issuing a cheque book | |Maintaining all relevant papers/documents in separate file in the name of the | |every account holder | |Sending the sp ecimen signature card to the cash department | |Sending a thanks giving letter to the New account opener’s address | |Maintaining all relevant papers/documents in separate file in the name of the every | |account holder | 6. 7 Issuing of a Cheque BookA cheque book is issued to the customer at the time of the account opening or may by issued after 2-3 days from account opening. And additional cheque book is issued at the request of the customer according to his/her necessity. Followings are the formalities during issuing a cheque book: Getting the cheque book requisition slip signed by the account holder By verifying the signature, issuing the cheque book Writing down the account number on each leaf of the cheque book Making entry to the cheque issue register Supplying the cheque book to the account holder after getting proper acknowledgement from the account holderInland Remittance Department Remittance Department: This department deals with transfer of money from one place to another place. Remittance can be classified as inland remittance and foreign remittance; however, remittance department mainly deals with inland remittance rather than foreign remittance. Instruments used for inland remittance as under: o Pay Order (P. O) o Demand Draft (DD) o Telegraphic Transfer (TT) Pay Order: A Pay Order is a written order on a specific instrument i. e. generally called â€Å"Block† issued by a bank to pay a certain sum of money to specific person, Organization or a bank.It is called banker’s cheque, as it is issued by a bank as well as drawn upon on a bank. Issuance of Pay Order: issuance of pay order involves following steps: ? Upon requests of customer, bank supplies prescribed application form ? Applicant has to provide detailed particulars of him/herself as well as beneficiary or receiver of the Pay Order ? Total amount of the P. O must be written both in words and in figures in the space provided ? Credit vouchers are prepared; one for com mission and another for VAT ? Now customer is requested to deposit the P.O amount along with VAT and Commission charges to the cash department ? Cash department releases the application form with authorized signature and cash received seal ? Now Pay Order is written on block which has three parts: First part is retained by the issuing bank, Second part is for customer and Third part is for the beneficiary of the Pay Order ? In this stage all the information is entered into the P. O register Payment or Encashment of Pay Order: Issuing bank makes payment of Pay Order upon presentation through clearing house. When the P.O does not consist of discrepancies, necessarily the proceeds of Pay Order is credited to the account of payee/beneficiary. However, before making payment of P. O, the signature of issuing officer is verified and date of payment is recorded in the Pay Order issue register. Demand Draft A Demand Draft, which is traditionally called DD. A DD is a written order on a specif ic instrument of one branch of a bank upon another branch of the same bank to pay a certain sum of money to or to the order of a specified person or of a specified organization. In practice DD is not issued between two branches within the same city.Issuance of Demand Draft: Issuance of DD involves following steps: ? Customer is asked to fill up a form in specific form provided by bank which is also treated as a voucher ? Commission and Charges are also mentioned in the form ? Two credit vouchers; one for commission and another for VAT is stapled with the form ? Customer pays cash in the cash department with relevant vouchers ? Cash dept. receives cash and delivers vouchers after completing necessary formalities ? Now DD is prepared in a block Branch-wise serial number is given on the draft ? The draft number is written on the voucher ? Draft block and voucher along with the register are sent to the officer in charge for checking and then sent to manager/Second in charge of the branc h for authorization ? The draft may be crossed if customer desires and finally delivered to him/her against initial or acknowledgement on the voucher Payment of Demand Draft: After receiving the DD, the drawer branch checks the date, amount both in words and figures and signature. In case of Test DD, Test number must be reconciled before payment.And then DD is cancelled and payment date is noted in the register. If the DD is crossed, the payment is made through clearing house. Telegraphic Transfer In case of Telegraphic Transfer, which in brief is called TT, an applicant has to fill up prescribed form supplied by bank to inform all the particulars about the sender as well as the receiver/beneficiary of the TT. Besides, following points should be checked in this regard: ? Full name of the beneficiary and his account number if the instruction here is â€Å"credit to beneficiary’s account†, or full address if instruction is there to advise & pay ?Commission and Telegram c harge are recovered from customer ? A cost memo has to prepare for customer in this regard; containing the amount of TT, commission and Telegram charges ? Customer has to deposit cash in the cash department along with voucher and application ? Remittance depart finally checks all the particulars viz. name of the beneficiary, account number of the beneficiary, name of the bank, name of the branch and mode of payment etc. ? Each and every TT must be Tested whatever the amount of TT ?Authorized officer then send the TT message through Telex/Telephone ? The issuing branch also sends a TT confirmation advice to the drawer branch and one copy is retained by the branch Payment of Telegraphic Transfer (TT): The payment of TT is paid only when TT test numbers reconcile. TT receiving branch maintains TT message receiving memo. On agreement of Test, the serial number of TT is entered in the TT payable register. The issuing branch informs if any number is mismatched or omitted. Two vouchers are prepared in this regard as under:DBL General A/C†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦****** Branch———-Dr. Bills Payable A/C†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (TT payable)————-Cr. The TT amount is then credited to the beneficiary’s account if the beneficiary/receiver of the TT is an account holder of the branch; otherwise a Pay Order is issued if the beneficiary/receiver of TT is an account holder of another bank. 6. 8 Clearing Section: According to the Article 37(2) of Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972, the banks, which are the member of the clearinghouse, are called as Scheduled Banks. The scheduled banks clear the cheque drawn upon one another through the clearinghouse.This is an arrangement by the central bank where everyday the representative of the member banks gathers to clear the cheque. Banks for credit of the proceeds to the customers’ accounts accept Cheque and other similar instruments. The bank receives many such instruments during the day from ac count holders. Many of these instruments are drawn payable at other banks. If they were to be presented at the drawer banks to collect the proceeds, it would be necessary to employ many messengers for the purpose. Similarly, there would be many cheque drawn on this the messengers of other banks would present bank and them at the counter.The whole process of collection and payment would involve considerable labor, delay, risk and expenditure. All the labor, Risk, delay and expenditure are substantially reduced, by the representatives of all the banks meeting at a specified time, for exchanging the instruments and arriving at the net position regarding receipt or payment. The place where the banks meet and settle their dues is called the Clearinghouse. Activities of the Section: (a) Preparation of Clearing Outward and Inward Lodgment and record maintenance of the same. (b) Batch posting as and when required. On receipt of instruments, the same is endorsed here.Then clearing section wi ll sent IBDA to head Office for clearing purpose and on receipt of IBCA from Head Office amount is credited to customers account and vice versa. If the instrument is return then the same is given back to the customer. 6. 9 Collection Section: Checks, drafts etc. are drown on bank located outside clearing house are sent for collection. Motijheel Branch collects its client’s above-mentioned instruments from other branches of DBL and branches other than DBL. In case of out ward bills for collection customers account is credited after finishing the collection processor.And in case of in ward bills customers account is debited for this purpose. So it places dual role as follows: i) Collecting Banker ii) Paying Banker. Activities of the Section: Collection is done when (i) Paying Bank is located out side Dhaka City. (ii) Paying Bank is other branches of DBL situated inside Dhaka City. i) Paying Bank is outside Dhaka City: Collection department of Motijheel Branch (Principal Branch) , DBL sends outward bills for collection (OBC) to the concerned paying bank to get inter Bank Credit Advice (IBCA) from paying Bank.If the paying bank dishonors the instrument, the same is returned to principal Branch. ii) The Paying Bank of their own branches inside Dhaka City: Collection Department sends transfer delivery item to other branches of same bank situated inside Dhaka City. Upon receiving IBCA customer’s a/c is credited. Procedures for Outward Bills for Collection: 6. 10 Accounts Section: In banking business transactions are done every day and these transactions are to be recorded properly and systematically as the banks deal with the depositors’ money.Any deviation in proper recording may hamper public confidence and the bank has to suffer a lot. Improper recording of transactions will lead to the mismatch in the debit side and credit side. To avoid these mishaps, the bank provides a separate department whose function is to check the mistakes in passing v ouchers or wrong entries or fraud or forgery. This department is called Accounts Department. Besides these, the branch has to prepare some internal statements as well as some statutory statements, which are to be submitted to the Central Bank and the Head Office.This department prepares all these statements. Functions of Accounting Department: We can divide the functions of accounting department into two categories. One is day-to-day task and another is periodical task. a. Day to day functions: Here day-to-day function refers to the every day tasks. Accounting department of DBL performs the following day to day functions: b. Periodical functions: Periodical functions of accounts department include the preparation of different weekly, fortnightly, monthly, quarterly and annual statement.The accounts department prepares the following statements: etc. 6. 11 Cash Section: Cash section is a very sensitive organ of the branch and handle with extra care. Operation of this section begins at the start of the banking hour. Cash officer begins his/her transaction with taking money from the vault, known as the opening cash balance. Vault is kept in a much secured room. Keys to the room are kept under control of cash officer and branch in charge. The amount of opening cash balance is entered into a register.After whole days’ transaction, the surplus money remain in the cash counter is put back in the vault and known as the closing balance. Money is received and paid in this section. 6. 11. 1 Cash Receipt: 6. 11. 2. Cash Payment: 6. 12 Conclusion: Bank is the largest organization of mobilizing surplus domestic savings. Attractive Savings Schemes are offered by DBL such as Contributory Savings Scheme, Monthly Benefit Deposit Scheme, Special Deposit Scheme, Education Savings Scheme, Fixed Deposit Scheme, Dhaka Bank Money Scheme, Dhaka Bank Insured Fixed Deposit Scheme as well as different accounts to save money.Schemes are designed concentrating in different purposes t o help the fixed income group people to help in need. Bank-Officials are also whole-hearted and dedicated to serve their customer with utmost care. 7. Online Branch Banking The Bank has set up a Wide Area Network (WAN) across the country to provide online branch banking facility to its valued clients. Under the Scheme,  clients of any branch shall be able to do banking transaction at other branches of the bank. Under this system a client will to be able to o following type of transactions # Cash withdrawal from his/her account at  any  branch  of the Bank irrespective of location. # Cash deposit in his/her account at any branch of the Bank irrespective of location. # Cash deposit in other's account at any branch of the Bank irrespective of location. # Transfer of money from his/her account with any branch of the Bank. Any amount can be deposited or transferred under Dhaka Line.In the system, however, at present there is a limit for cash withdrawal through bearer or by accou nt holder himself. Terms & Conditions of Online Branch Banking Service ONLINE BRANCH BANKING SERVICE is designed to serve its valued clients. Under this system, you shall be able to do the following type of transactions:    †¢ Cash withdrawal from your account at any   branch of the Bank †¢ Deposit in your account at any Branch of the Bank. †¢ Transfer of money from your account to any other account with any Branch of the Bank Transaction Limit Maximum ceiling of cash withdrawal by self is Tk. 10,00,000/- (ten lac) only per transaction †¢ Maximum ceiling of cash withdrawal by third party (bearer) per transaction is below Tk†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Only (please mention the limit you wand to place). †¢ Cash deposit/transfer  by online transaction is unlimited Online Transaction Membership Fee Membership fee is  Tk. 50/- per month for the Online Branch Banking Service. Charges for Online Transaction †¢ There will be no charge for transac tion within the city where the account is domiciled †¢ Fee Tk. 7/- will be realized from the customer’s account for each remote transaction (inter-city)  for amount up to Tk. 1, 00,000 (one lac). †¢ Fee at the rate of   0. 075% will be realized from the customer’s account for each remote transaction of amount more than Tk. 1,00,000 (one lac). Who can get this service The Clients who has account in Dhaka bank or who will open account in Dhaka bank and would be interested to maintain substantial deposits in Savings, Current or STD accounts, will be eligible to get Dhaka Line Service.How one can get this service Intending and eligible clients have to apply in prescribed application form to their branch (where account is maintained) to get the online service from the bank. The client should submit two copies photographs and signature cards alongwith the application form. To avail the Dhaka Line service, no charge should be paid for online transaction within a locality where the account is domiciled. But charges should be paid by the customer for inter city online transaction When a account will be activated for onlineWithin 15 days from the date of submission application a account will be activated for online service Dhaka Bank Limited obtained Principal Membership of Master-Card International in the month of May 1999. Within a period of 6 months, the bank successfully launched Master Card-Credit Card which created a new dimension in its customer service and consumer financing. The Special feature of the Dhaka Bank Master Card is that its bears the card holder’s photo on the card, which is the first of its kind in Bangladesh and adds security against misuse.Dhaka Bank Limited issues 4 types of cards. These are Gold Local & International and Silver Local & International. Local cards can be used in Bangladesh only. 7. 1 Followings are the main feature of MasterCard Credit – †¢ Dhaka Bank Ensure High Level of Security  by inserting your Photograph on the Card. †¢ 20 to 50 days credit form the date of transaction. When you receive your monthly statement, you can either choose to pay in full or just minimum due amount shown on the statement. No interest is charged if you pay in full within payment due date. 24 hours a day, 365 days worldwide service. †¢ No joining/administrative fees. †¢ waiver of annual fees for International Card: If you accumulate 20,000 Dhaka Bank Bonus Point for your Gold Card or, 10,000 Bonus Point for your Silver Card in a year then you enjoy our Card without fees( $ 1 purchase: 1 Bonus). †¢ Waiver of annual fee for Local Card:   If you accumulate 10,000 Dhaka Bank Bonus Point for your Gold Card or 8,000 Bonus Point for your Silver Card in a year then you enjoy our Card without fees( Tk. 50/- purchase : 1 Bonus point). The Highest Dhaka Bank Bonus Point holder can enjoy free air ticket Dhaka-Bangkok-Dhaka. (Business Class). †¢ Cash advance faciliti es. †¢ 1,39,00,000 locations accept MasterCard worldwide Facilities Available with the Card : The Card can be used for: 01. Making payments to Merchants against purchase of all goods and services by the Cardholder form Marchant(s); and 02. Availing Cash Advances: ? 2. 1 From any of DBL Branches or any member of MasterCard of any Merchant authorized to make Cash Advances; as may be agreed upon by DBL or ?By the use of the Card on any ATM of DBL or of MasterCard. Subject to these terms and conditions and in compliance with such requirements, limitations and procedures as may be imposed by DBL, any Merchant or MasterCard from time to time. 7. 2 SWIFT Dhaka Bank Limited is one of the first few Bangladeshi Banks who have become member of SWIFT (Society for Worldwide Inter-bank Financial Telecommunication) in 1999. SWIFT is members owned co-operative, which provides a fast and accurate communication network for financial transactions such as Letters of Credit, Fund transfer etc.By be coming a member of SWIFT, the bank has opened up possibilities for uninterrupted connectivity with over 5,700 user institutions in 150 countries around the world. SWIFT No. : PRBLBDDH Deposit Schemes of Dhaka Bank Limited: Bank is the largest mobilizer of surplus domestic savings. For poverty alleviation, we need self employment, for self-employment we need investment and for investment we need savings. In the other words, savings help capital formations and the capital formations help investments in the country.The investment in its turn helps industrialization leading towards creation of wealth of the country. And the wealth finally takes the country on road to progress and prosperity. As such, savings is considered the very basis of prosperity of the country. The more the growth of savings, the more will be the prosperity of the nation. The  savings rate in Bangladesh is one of the lowest in the world. In order to improve the savings rate, Financial Institutions responsible for mobilization of savings should offer attractive Savings Schemes so that the marginal propensity to save increases.The savings do not, of course, depend only on the quantum of income but largely depend on the habit of savings of the people. Contributory Savings Scheme: This is a Savings Scheme in which a person gets the opportunity to build up savings by contributing monthly installments and receives an attractive fixed amount at the end of a specified term. The Scheme is designed to help the fixed income group to save money and build up a sizable funds with which they can go for some income generating venture to improve the quality of their life and/or meet any future financial obligationsThe salient features of the Scheme are given below: > Minimum size of monthly installment shall be Tk. 500/- and multiplies of Tk. 1000/-. Maximum installment size shall be Tk. 25,000/- > The Deposit shall be for a period of 5 years. Lump sum amount shall be paid after maturity or monthly Pension shall be paid for the next 5 years according to the size of deposit. A brief chart of lump sum amount and monthly pension installments payable are shown below: Size of monthly deposit (Taka) |Terminal value after 5 years (Taka) |Pension for next 5 years (Taka) | |500/- |40,000/- |870/- | |1,000/- |80,000/- |1,739/- | |2,000/- |1,60,000/- |3,478/- | |3,000/- |2,40,000/- |5,217/- | |4,000/- |3,20,000/- |6,956/- | |5,000/- |4,00,000/- |8,695/- | |6,000/- |4,80,000/- |10,434/- | |7,000/- |5,60,000/- |12,173/- | |8,000/- |6,40,000/- |13,912/- | |9,000/- |7,20,000/- |15,651/- | |10,000/- |8,00,000/- |17,390/- | |11,000/- |8,80,000/- |19,129/- | |12,000/- |9,60,000/- |20,868/- | |13,000/- |10,40,000/- |22,607/- | |14,000/- |11,20,000/- |24,346/- | |15,000/- |12,00,000/- |26,085/- | |16,000/- |12,80,000/- |27,824/- | |17,000/- 13,60,000/- |29,563/- | |18,000/- |14,40,000/- |31,302/- | |19,000/- |15,20,000/- |33,041/- | |20,000/- |16,00,000/- |34,780/- | |21,000/- |16,80,000/- |36,519/- | |2 2,000/- |17,60,000/- |38,258/- | |23,000/- |18,40,000/- |39,997/- | |24,000/- |19,20,000/- |41,736/- | |25,000/- |20,00,000/- |43,475/- |Short Term Deposit ? A short term deposit (STD) account is a running account with amounts being paid into and drawn out of the account continuously. ? These accounts are called Demand Deposits or Demand Liabilities since the banker is under obligation to pay the money in such deposits on demand. ? These accounts are generally opened by Business Organization, Public Institution, and Corporate Bodies. ? An STD account may be opened by an individual person. ? It is an interest bearing deposit. Interest is calculated on daily basis as per Banks Prescribed Rate and is credited to account on half yearly basis. Current interest rate on STD account  is 6 Percent.Education Savings Scheme The educational expenses particularly the expenses for higher education are sharply increasing day by day in our country. Sometimes, the children are deprived of getting the desired level of education because of the inability of the parents to meet their educational expenses. But the parents would not feel any difficulty to defray such expenses if a proper financial planning is made much ahead of time. Moreover, we are receiving demands from the Islamic minded people of our country for an attractive Savings Scheme on the basis of Islamic Sariah so as to encourage them to save in Islamic way for education of their children.With this end in view, Dhaka Bank Limited has introduced a Savings Scheme entitled â€Å"Education Savings Scheme† in accordance with the principles of Islamic Sariah i. e. , on the basis of profit and loss sharing. The scheme provides a unique opportunity to the parents to make a future provision for the educational expenses of their children when they enter into Schools, Colleges and Universities out of the benefit of a small amount of savings with the Bank at an opportune moment The salient features of the Scheme are give n below: ? The Scheme shall be implemented through all Dhaka branches, though it is specially designed for Islamic Banking branches. ? Deposit of Tk. 50,000/- and multiples thereof but maximum limit of Tk. , 00,000/- at a time will be acceptable under the Scheme. ? A specially designed Receipt shall be issued for the deposit under the Scheme in the same manner as issued in case of FDR. Branches shall use the ESS receipts that used for existing scheme. ? The instrument shall be issued for a period of 5 years term. ? On maturity a lump sum amount of Tk. 85,382/- shall be payable or education allowance @ Tk. 1,854/- per month per Tk. 50,000/- shall be payable on the basis of deposit amount for next 5 years starting from the completion of the term as per following table. Income Tax @10% on interest may be deducted at source at the time of payment of lump sum amount. Initial Deposit (Taka)    |Lump sum amount payable at maturity (Taka)    |Amount of Education allowance per month | | | |  (Taka) | |50,000/- |85,382/- |1,854/- | |1,00,000/- |1,70,763/- |3,705/- | |1,50,000/- |2,56,145/- |5,558/- | |2,00,000/- 3,41,526/- |7,410/- | |2,50,000/- |4,26,908/- |9,263/- | |3,00,000/- |4,69,704/- |11,115/- | |3,50,000/- |5,47,988/- |12,968/- | |4,00,000/- |6,26,272/- |14,820/- | |4,50,000/- |7,04,556/- |16,673/- | |5,00,000/- |7,82,840/- |18,525/- | Double Benefit Deposit Scheme ? The Scheme shall be implemented through all the branches of Dhaka Bank Limited. ? Deposit of Tk. 25,000/- (Taka twenty five thousand) and multiplies thereof but maximum limit of Tk. 25, 00,000/- (Taka twenty five lac) at a time will be acceptable under the scheme. ? The instrument shall be issued for 5 years 4 months term. ? At maturity after 5 years 4 months double the amount of deposit will be paid to the depositor. Photograph of Nominee, duly attested by the depositor, shall be obtained at the time of opening the account. ? Normally no withdrawal will be allowed before maturity. But if any depositor intends to withdraw his deposit before maturity, the following rules will apply: ? (a) No benefit including interest/profit shall be allowed for pre-mature encashment within one year. (b) If the accounts / deposits are closed / encashed after one year of its opening, benefit shall be allowed on the deposit at normal Savings Deposit rate ? The instrument will be acceptable as collateral security against any investment subject to registering lien with the issuing branch. In case of death of a depositor, the amount of instrument will be paid to the nominee, to the legal heirs of the depositor on production of succession certificate. ? In case of instrument is lost the procedure for the issuance of a duplicate receipt will be the same as applicable in case of loss of FDR. ? Under the scheme depositor can get free insurance facility. ? Insurance coverage is only applicable to personal accident and serious illness related insurance policy. ? Depositor can take loan against his/ her deposit under this scheme ? At present no income tax will be deducted from the interest earned. But in future for any change in the government policy Bank reserves the right to deduct income tax.Fixed Deposit Scheme This type of deposit should be kept for a fixed term or period. Dhaka Bank Limited deals with the following terms deposit. Particulars Interest Rate 1(One) month 9. 00% 3(Three) month 12. 00% 6(Six) month 11. 50% 1(One) year 11. 00% Lakhopati Deposit Scheme (a)Monthly Installment size, tenure and terminal value of the scheme will be as follows: Monthly Installment Size (Taka) |Tenure |Amount to be paid after maturity (Taka) | |250/- |15 years |1,00,000/- | |500/- |10 years |1,00,000/- | |1,285/- |5 years |1,00,000/- | |2,400/- |3 years |1,00,000/- | Dhaka Millionaire   Scheme Monthly installment shall be Tk. 12,465. 00 /Tk. 7,890. 00 /Tk. 4,570. 0 for the tenor of 5/7/10 years respectively |Size of monthly deposit   (in |Investment Tenor (in |After the investm ent Tenor the terminal |Pension size of installment | |Taka)   |Year) |value of the Scheme (in Taka) |according to the years Invested | | | | |(in Taka ) | |12,465/- |5 |1,000,000/- |21,748/- | |7,890/- |7 |1,000,000/- |17,137/- | |4,570/- |10 |1,000,000/- |13,786/- | House Building Deposit   Scheme # The tenor of the House Building Deposit Scheme will be 5/7/10 years. # Minimum Equity building amount shall be Tk. 10. 00 lac. |Size of monthly |Size of monthly deposit in|Investment Tenor (in|Age Limit |After the   investment Tenor | |deposit in Tk. |Tk. Year) |(in Year)* |the terminal value of the | |(without |(with Insurance) | | |Scheme | |Insurance) | | | |(in Taka)** | |7,890/- |8,045/- |7 |18 to 38 |1,000,000/- | |12,465/- |12,640/- |5 |18 to 40 |1,000,000/- | |9,135/- |N/A |10 |18 to 35 |2,000,000/- | |15,770/- |N/A |7 |18 to 38 |2,000,000/- | |24,925/- |N/A |5 |18 to 40 |2,000,000/- | * Age upper limit will be applicable for HBL facilities only # Insurance Coverage will be restricted to terminal amount of Tk. ,000,000/-(Taka Ten Lac) only, here the age limit will be from 18 years to 60 years # A person can open more than one account but House Building Loan facility shall be on one account only. # Account in the name of minors can be opened too under the Scheme but without insurance coverage. # The installment shall be payable by the 8th day (in case of holiday the next working day) of every month. Advance payment of any number of installments  is acceptable. 8. CAMEL Rating of 48 Banks: The capital adequacy, Asset quality, Management standard, Earning and Liquidity rating (CAMEL) of all commercial banks on the basis of credit management performance till December 2007 have been rated by Bangladesh Bank (BB). It is mentionable that Dhaka Bank Ltd. got the top position in â€Å"A† class banks. CAMEL Rating:Analyzing the overall operational activities of all commercial and specialized banks; central bank, the regulatory authority of countryâ €™s banking sector has ranked 6 ‘A-class’, 27 ‘B-class’, 8 ‘C-class’,5 ‘D-class’ and 2 ‘E-class’ banks by the end of 2007, which was completed recently. A- Class Banks: 1. Dhaka Bank Ltd. 2. Shahjalal Islami Bank Ltd. 3. Commercial Bank of Ceylon. 4. Citibank N. A. 5. State Bank of India 6. Standard chartered Bank B – Class Banks: 1. Eastern Bank Ltd. 2. Premier Bank Ltd. 3. The Trust Bank Ltd. 4. BRAC Bank Ltd. 5. Southeast Bank Ltd. 6. NCC Bank Ltd. 7. One Bank Ltd. 8. Standard Bank Ltd. 9. Woori Bank 10. Bank Alfalah Ltd. 11. National Bank of Pakistan. 12. Dutch Bangla Bank Ltd. 13. Exim Bank Ltd. 14. Mutual Trust Bank Ltd. 15. Jamuna Bank Ltd. 16. Bank Asia 17. Islami Bank Bangladesh Ltd. 18. Uttara Bank Ltd. 19.National Bank Ltd 20. The City Bank Ltd 21. Basic Bank Ltd. 22. Habib Bank Ltd. 23. HSBC 24. Pubali Bank Ltd. 25. Mercantile Bank Ltd. 26. Social Investment Bank Ltd. 27. Dhaka Bank. C- Class Ban ks: 1. First Security Bank Ltd. 2. UCBL 3. Al-Arafa Islami Bank 4. Bangladesh Shilpa Rin Sangstha 5. IFIC Bank Ltd. 6. AB Bank Ltd. 7. Agrani Bank Ltd. 8. Rupali Bank Ltd. D- Class Banks: 1. Sonali Bank Ltd. 2. Bangladesh Krishi Bank 3. Bangladesh Shilpa Bank 4. Janata Bank Ltd. 5. RAKUB E-Class Bank: 1. Bangladesh Commerce Bank Ltd. 2. Oriental Bank Ltd. 9. Recommendation After observing the operation procedure of DBL, I recommended the following: ATM:Dhaka Bank has few ATM booths in the Dhaka city, but these are not sufficient to give service to the customer’s . So Dhaka Bank has arranged an agreement with Dutch Bangla Bank limited so that the customers of the Dhaka Bank can use its booth. To give smooth service to the customers Dhaka Bank should increase its own ATM Booth. Branch: Dhaka Bank should open branches in the all district towns besides Dhaka & Chittagong city for expansion its business area. Interest Rate: Dhaka Bank should Increase interest rate on FDR and other deposit scheme. Islamic Banking Branch: Bangladesh is a Muslim majority country, so Dhaka Bank should increase their Islamic Banking Branch in Bangladesh. 10. ConclusionIn Halishahar branch I have been working for 3 months, by this time I have found some good strengths and opportunities, Dhaka Bank Halishahar Branch has a strong opportunity to achieve strong market in Halishahar area because it is situated in a appropriate and attractive place. In short time Halishahar Branch gathered 30 core deposits; this is a great achievement for Halishahar branch and also achieving healthy profit as a new branch. From my view, this branch has some Strength these are: ? Dhaka Bank has well reputation in the market. It is number one Private commercial Bank in Bangladesh. ? In Halishahar branch efficient management practice. ? Halishahar branch is Well-furnished and Air-conditioned Bank. Dhaka Bank’s Officers are highly educated. ? Dhaka Bank’s Executives are highly qualified and ex perienced. ? Credit Department of Halishahar branch is strong prospective department. ? Dhaka Bank gathered maximum market share in banking business. ? Dhaka Bank not engaged in unfair business practice. ? Dhaka Bank has many attractive deposit schemes. ? Dhaka Bank becomes more reliable to the all kind of people. References 1. Kenova, V. & Jonasson P. 2006. Quality Online Banking Service. Jonkoping university. 2. Pallent, Julie. 2007. SPSS Survival Manual: A Step by Step Guide to Data Analysis usingSPSS for Windows. England: McGraw. 3. Cooper, D. R. , & Schindler, P. S. (2003).Business research methods (9th Ed. ). Mc GrawHill. 4. Cooper and Schindler (2006) 5. Malhotra 2003 6. http://www. htm. uoguelph. ca, 7. â€Å"Marketing Professional Services† By Philip Kotler, Thomas Hayes, Paul Bloom. 8. Mr. Alan Lau, Head of Consumer Banking, Maybank Singapore 9. October 20011 Mr. Laksham Silva, CEO, DFCC Vardhana Bank (07/03/2012 ADRIANA REYNERI), (Tanbir Ahmed Chowdhury-2009). â₠¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Deposit-slip depositing the cheque along with Crossing of the cheque are done indicating the Branch as collecting bank Entries are given in the Outward Clearing Register Endorsement â€Å"Payee’s A/C will be credited on realization† is given

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Legal Implications of Social Media and the Hiring Process Free Essays

MBA 610 Final Paper Legal Implications of Social Media and the Hiring Process Tammy Rider October 17, 2012 Social media has become one of the most important tools in business practices. Companies can advertise their services and products for nothing or next to nothing, network with other businesses, generate new business, connect with their customers, and provide a valuable research tool. It has changed the face of business as we know it. We will write a custom essay sample on Legal Implications of Social Media and the Hiring Process or any similar topic only for you Order Now With this wonderful innovation comes responsibility. Employers and employees alike must face new rules and laws associated with their social media practices. One such practice that has become important in the business world is the use of social media during the hiring process. Some companies even go so far as to request job applicants for their username and passwords for such sites such as Facebook, MySpace, and Twitter. Where do the rights of employers and the rights of employees fit into this new high tech world? The legal system faces new challenges every day regarding this relatively young business quandary. Where should the lines of privacy be drawn? How much social media information should an employer be permitted to use during the screening process for hiring a new employee? It has just recently come to the media’s attention that some employers ask their job applicants for their Facebook login information and password. However, the reality is that employers have been using social media to investigate these applicants for years. In 2011, Reppler, a social media monitoring service, conducted a survey of 300 hiring professionals to learn if, when, and how they are using social media to screen job applicants. The study found that 91% of recruiters or hiring managers use social networking sites to screen prospective employees. Out of these recruiters and hiring managers, 69% revealed that they have denied employment to a job applicant due to something they found on an applicant’s social networking site (1). Employers, however, should take caution when using the information they find to make a decision whether to hire an applicant or throw their application in the trash. It would seem that technology is outpacing the law in this area; however, employers should very seriously review the information they find and be sure that it does not lead to a liability under the Fair Credit Reporting Act, or some other state or federal employment discrimination laws. The Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) states that an employer must provide a disclosure that a consumer report or background check will be performed to their job applicants, and should obtain signed authorization by the applicant to proceed with this research. It is also the duty of the company to provide notice to the job applicant that they will take adverse action to not hire them before the company actually takes that action, and provide a post-adverse action notice (2). It is interesting to note that these FCRA requirements do not apply to employers who perform their own background checks without using a consumer-reporting agency to obtain the information. Human resources hiring managers that perform a social media search on a job applicant are not bound to these FCRA regulations to provide disclosure and gain consent from the applicant. This is where it gets tricky! Although a hiring manager may not have to adhere to the FCRA regulations, they may still be confronted with other state and federal laws regarding employment discrimination and privacy. In the past, employers have been very careful to not invade employee privacy, base any employment decisions on protected characteristics, or ask unlawful questions during the interview process. In the past few years though, employers have been using social media to screen applicants on a regular basis, whether formally or informally. By performing these pre-employment research screenings on job applicants using social media profiles, employers are setting themselves up to discrimination claims under federal, state, and local laws. Since this area is still fuzzy and grey as far as the law is concerned, employers need to stay informed and educated to protect themselves from potential lawsuits. Consulting with an attorney who specializes in this field would be a wise decision. As the laws evolve, so must the employer’s behaviors. By reviewing social networking profiles and information, employers are learning about job applicants’ religious beliefs, marital status, family relationships, race, ethnicity, medical conditions, and other information that cannot be used to make an employment-based decision. This is information that is considered as protected characteristics even though an applicant or employee has made it public on a social media profile. As a result, employers must take care when performing such research. Ultimately, should a discrimination claim arise, the employer will have the burden of proof to demonstrate that the decision to reject a job applicant was based on a legitimate non-discriminatory reason, rather than the fact that the employer learned of the job applicant’s sexual orientation, the projected due date of the job applicant’s baby, or any other protected characteristic. So the question that persists is how can we make use of social media without disrupting any discrimination laws? Some of the job-related information found in a profile may be highly valuable in determining an applicant’s qualifications for the job. One practical method is to only allow someone who is not involved in the hiring of the specific position to be the person who conducts the social media background check. Then, when the social media background check is completed, that person can summarize the job-related information that may be helpful in considering the applicant, and can make no mention of the â€Å"protected† information (race, religion, medical condition, etc. that would otherwise get the employer into trouble. This way, the hiring manager, or ultimate decision-maker, receives only the job-related information, and can demonstrate that the information unknown to him or her had nothing to do with the decision to hire another candidate. Furthermore, before the job opening is even posted, employers should be clear about what they are really looking for in a social media background check, and whether it is necessary for the particular position. For example, the importance and extent of a social media background may depend on the position the company needs to fill (for example, a CFO position versus a seasonal stockroom employee). Certainly, employers should be doing enough pre-hiring due diligence to avoid potential claims of negligent hiring, but they must balance those concerns with finding out information that exposes them to liability for discrimination. There exists yet another level of privacy invasion that some businesses have been practicing. Asking for a job applicant’s login and password information goes beyond simply surfing the web for research purposes. Some hiring managers get around this request by having the job candidate log into their Facebook account, for instance, during an in-person interview. These potential candidates are put into a compromising position. Should they refuse this request or just do it to keep them in the running for the job? Do these employer requests violate the federal Stored Communications Act or the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act? The laws surrounding the Stored Communications Act prohibit intentional access to electronic information without authorization or intentionally exceeding that authorization, 18 U. S. C.  § 2701. The Computer Fraud and Abuse Act prohibits intentional access to a computer to obtain information without authorization, 18 U. S. C.  § 1030(a) (2) (C). Are these laws being violated when companies request login information from job applicants? It would certainly be a violation if the company broke into an account to access the information without authorization. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission will have to determine whether employers who request this login information are violating anti-discrimination statutes. State legislators are beginning to introduce legislation that aims to prohibit this practice. In April 2012, Maryland was first to introduce a bill to ban employers from demanding Facebook or other social networking login information and passwords. Other states have followed or are currently following suit with bills of their own. For instance, California introduced the â€Å"Social Media Privacy Act† to legislature which would protect the social media privacy rights of students and employees (3). The law is attempting to catch up with technology, beginning with the states and expanding federally in the future. It is in this writer’s opinion that employers should consider the non-legal ramifications of this social media dilemma in addition to the legal implications. By demanding this private information they are setting themselves up to lose some of their best employees or potential employees simply because they believe in their rights to privacy and refuse to give access to their social media credentials. Employers should weigh what is most important to them and evaluate what they stand to lose. Employee morale may suffer and an environment of distrust may take precedence. These conditions are not conducive to a healthy workplace resulting in poor performance and poor productivity. Is this really worth the tiny bit of extra information that may be revealed by invading a person’s social media profile? Businesses must stay on top of developing legislation to protect themselves. Job seekers should also remain educated on their rights. It is sad to think that a person may find themselves wanted a job so badly they would be willing to hand over any information that is requested of them. We will probably see the emergence of a new department in most companies. This department will be responsible for technology privacy education and enforcement which could save the business millions of dollars in lawsuits. The future of technology isn’t slowing down one bit. The law may never catch up, but it will keep pushing forward to protect the rights of employers and employees. Social media is just that: social. What a person does outside of the workplace is, in most cases, of no concern to the business. As they say, don’t mix business with your personal life and vice versa. If we allow that to happen, where will the line be drawn? The line must be drawn now. Works Cited (1) Swallow, Erica, â€Å"How Recruiters Use Social Networks to Screen Candidates†, October 23, 2011, http://mashable. com/2011/10/23/how-recruiters-use-social-networks-to-screen-candidates-infographic. (2) http://www. ftc. gov/os/statutes/031224fcra. pdf (3) http://epic. org/privacy/workplace/ How to cite Legal Implications of Social Media and the Hiring Process, Essays